№ 95. NOTE minister of defense of the USSR
№ 95. NOTE Defense Commissar of the USSR and the Chief of Red Army General Staff in the CPSU (B), JV Stalin and VM Molotov, The Foundations of the strategic deployment of the Soviet Armed Forces In the West and East on 1940 and 1941
b / n
[no later than August 19, 1940]
special importance
Sov. Secret
only personally
I report for your consideration considerations the basics of the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces of the USSR in the West and the East for 1940 and 1941.
I. The most likely opponents
current political situation in Europe creates the possibility of armed clashes on our western borders.
This armed conflict may be limited to only our western borders, but there is a possibility and an attack by Japan of our Far Eastern borders.
on our western borders of most likely opponent will be Germany, as for Italy, it is possible her participation in the war, or rather, her performance in the Balkans, making us an indirect threat.
Warfare USSR and Germany can engage in military conflict with us - in order to revenge - Finland and Romania, and possibly Hungary.
if the probability of armed neutrality on the part of Iran and Afghanistan, perhaps an open revolt against the Soviet Union in Turkey, inspired by the Germans.
Thus, the Soviet Union must be ready to fight on two fronts: in the West against Germany, supported by Italy, Finland and Romania, and perhaps also Turkey and the East - with Japan as an open enemy or the enemy occupying the position of armed neutrality, always the Mighty go into open conflict.
II. The armed forces of potential enemies
main strongest opponent is Germany.
Germany currently has deployed up to: 200 infantry divisions, 15 armored divisions, 5 -7 light divisions, 10 motorized divisions, 8 Mountain Division; 2.3 airborne divisions.
total to 240 - 243 divisions, with a total of up to 8 million people, 13 900 aircraft and up to 9-10 thousand different types of tanks.
military situation in Western Europe, allows the Germans to transfer most of the forces against our western borders.
still unfinished when the war with England expected we can assume that in the occupied countries and regions of Germany will be left up to 50 divisions and in the depths of up to 20 divisions.
Thus, these divisions above 243 to 173 divisions, of which up to 138 infantry, 15 tanks, 10 motorized, 5 lung and 3 airborne divisions, and up to 12000 aircraft will be directed against our borders. \\ 182 \\
Finland - will be able to put up against the Soviet Union, 15 infantry divisions.
Romania - currently has 45 infantry divisions, 4 Cavalry Division and about 1100 aircraft, of which one can expect that the Soviet Union will be used up to 30 infantry divisions, 3 cavalry divisions and 900 aircraft.
Hungary - will be able to put up against the Soviet Union up to 15 infantry divisions, 2 armored divisions and 2 cavalry brigades.
total, taking into account the above-mentioned possible adversaries, the Soviet Union in the West can be deployed:
Germany - 173 peh.div., 10.000 tanks, airplanes 12.000;
Finland - 15 peh.div; 0 - tanks; 400 aircraft;
Romania - 30 peh.div., 250 tanks, 900 aircraft;
Hungary - 15 peh.div., 300 tanks, 600 aircraft;
Total - 233 peh.div., 10,550 tanks, 13,900 aircraft .
NOTE: As stated above - Italy and Turkey are not considered direct rivals in the table are not included.
the East - Japan, is now leading a war with China, has mobilized almost his entire army, deploying 49 infantry divisions, 4 cavalry brigades, 2 motomehbrigady, to 1570 tanks and 3420 planes.
the attack on the USSR, Japan more part of their forces to send in northern Manchuria, leaving China for the occupation of the occupied areas of about 10 infantry divisions, 1 - 2 cavalry brigades and a part mixed brigades.
Thus, in northern Manchuria and Korea, as well as on expeditions to Sakhalin and Kamchatka can be expected up to 39 infantry divisions and 2500 aircraft 1200 tanks and 4000 guns. Army Manchukuo not taken into account as having minor importance.
Thus, when the war on two fronts, the Soviet Union should be considered with focus on its borders - some 270 infantry divisions, 11,750 tanks and aircraft 16.400.
III. Likely operational plans of opponents
documentary data on the operational plans of potential enemies as to the West and the East General Staff spacecraft does not have.
the most likely assumptions strategic deployment of the possible opponents are:
the West
[here deployments opponents]
IV. The foundation of our strategic Deployment
During this period, if necessary, the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union on two fronts is necessary to consider major fronts - the West, here, and should focus our main strength.
In the East, taking into account the probability of occurrence against us significant Japanese forces, it is necessary to appoint such a force, which fully guarantee the stability of our position.
rest of our border must be covered minimal forces, namely:
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total on the northern and southern borders of the field troops left:
11 infantry divisions, 7 of the mountain;
6 Cavalry 2 tank divisions and brigades.
for action in the East against Japan, it is necessary to appoint:
26 infantry divisions, of which 3 Motorized Division, 4 Cavalry division;
3 separate infantry brigades, \\ 185 \\
three airborne brigades, 8 separate tank brigades, a total of 3,268 tanks;
43 Aviation Regiment, composed of 2,778 aircraft and 692 aircraft Pacific Fleet, but only 3,470 airplanes.
best left on the northern, southern and eastern borders of the USSR:
37 infantry divisions;
10 cavalry Divisions 3 otd.strelk.brigady;
three airborne brigades, 10 armored brigades;
65 aviation regiments based air defense of Moscow, Leningrad and Baku.
For reference operations in the West are appointed:
143 strelk.divizii, 23 of which with term readiness from 15 to 30 days and 6 national Baltic;
eight motorized divisions;
18 armored divisions;
10 cavalry divisions;
14 otd.tankovyh teams;
172 Aviation Regiment, a total of 10,320 aircraft.
V. Framework of the strategic deployment
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Thus, from the Baltic Sea coast to the upper r.Pripyat against a possible 120 - 123 infantry and motorized divisions and 10 tank divisions Germans, we have:
89 infantry divisions, including 6 national and 15 with term availability 15 - 30 days;
five motorized divisions;
11 armored divisions;
7 otdel.tankovyh teams;
3 cavalry divisions;
94 Aviation Regiment, a total of about 5500 tanks and 5500 planes.
More here may also be involved Part or all stationed in the Leningrad area and south of aviation of the Northern Front.
These divisions can be deployed in the following time:
on day 6 from the beginning to mobilize 18 divisions;
on day 15 to 46 divisions;
for 25 days to 62 divisions;
other divisions by the end of the first month of the war.
objectives of the Air Force will:
1. Joint action by ground troops against the enemy's rank and above all by its major groupings;
2. The fight against enemy aircraft;
3. Together with the sea air and naval fighting navy of the enemy in the Baltic Sea and its attempts to for amphibious landings;
4. The fight against enemy aircraft, attacks on German airfields, and especially in East Prussia;
5. Prohibition of military transport by concentrating;
6. Strikes at major military installations.
south of the headwaters r.Pripyat to the Black Sea coast is designed to have a South-West Front.
main task of the front - active defense in the Carpathians and along the border with Romania to cover the western Ukraine and Bessarabia, at the same time, a blow from the front Bridges, Great, Rava-Russian, Senyava in the general direction of Lublin, together with the left-flank the army of the Western Front to defeat the Ivangorod-Lublin the enemy, go out and gain a foothold on the middle reaches r.Visla.
in front of five armies have 5, 6, 12, 18 and 9.
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Thus, to the south of the headwaters r.Pripyat against 50 German, 30 and 15 Rumanian Hungarian infantry divisions, we have:
44 infantry divisions;
three motorized divisions;
7 armored divisions;
4 otd.tankovye Brigade;
7 cavalry divisions;
58 regiments of aviation.
str.divizy Of these we have:
concentration on day 6 to 19 divisions; concentration on day 10 to 32 divisions;
on day 15 concentration up to 36 divisions;
other divisions by the end of the first month of the war.
objectives of air forces in the south-western front are:
[the same as the north of the Pripyat]
in the west coast of the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea coast is appointed:
127 infantry divisions;
eight motorized divisions;
18 armored divisions;
10 cavalry divisions;
10 otd.tankovyh teams;
144 Aviation Regiment.
Strategic deployment in the north-west of our borders is subject to the first defense of Leningrad, a cover of the Murmansk railway and retention for our complete domination in the Gulf.
entry into the war of Finland, it is unlikely the most valid case of simultaneous involvement in War of Finland and Germany.
Given the possible correlation of forces, our actions in the northwest have come down to the active defense of our borders.
For in the north-west is designed to have a northern front, consisting of two separate armies and str.korpusa.
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total on the northern front is appointed:
11 infantry divisions;
2 otd.strelkovye Brigade, 3 otd.tankovye Brigade;
23 Aviation Regiment, a total of 1,380 aircraft.
These forces can be the Northern Front be deployed for 6 - 8 day of mobilization.
objectives BB forces of the front will be:
[similar]
Tasks Navy:
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VI. Framework of the strategic deployment in the East
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When you deploy the Armed Forces of the USSR on two fronts (West and East) provide transfer to the West from the Trans-Baikal Military District, one str.divizy (46) and mechanized corps, consisting of two armored divisions and one Motorized Division.
for action in the East would provide: 26 str.divizy, 4 cavalry divisions, 3 dep. str.brigady, 8 armored brigades and 43 regiments of aviation, with the formulation of these problems.
Zabaikalsky front
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Far Eastern Front.
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In total, the Far Eastern Front:
24 pages Division;
4 str.brigady;
2 kavaler.divizii;
five tank brigades;
28 regiments of aviation.
Objectives Air Force Front:
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All the East for this option to have:
30 infantry divisions, 6 of them from the SibVO;
4 motostr.divizii;
four infantry brigades;
2 tank divisions;
four cavalry divisions;
eight tank brigades;
47 regiments of aviation.
Reporting the foundation of our strategic deployment in the West and the East, I ask for their consideration.
APPENDIX: it is particularly important. circuit number 1.
People's Commissioner Soviet Defense
Marshal (S. Timoshenko)
Chief of General Staff
K [RAAS SB] A [rmii]
Marshal Shaposhnikov B.
CA Defense Ministry. F. 16. Op.2951. D.239. Ll. 1-37. Manuscript on the letterhead: "The People's Commissar of Defence of the USSR." There is litter: "It is written in one copy. Artist deputy. Beg. Oper.upr. Maj.-Gen. Василевский". Подлинник, автограф Б.М.Шапошникова.
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